如何添加自定义产品属性作为运费过滤器

已发表: 2020-04-07

通常，在 Magento 2 中，可用于设置条件的标准产品属性的数量是有限的。需要额外的定制以满足业务需求。

从本文中，您将了解如何实现这一目标并添加自定义产品属性作为运费的过滤器。

笔记：

请参阅 GitHub 上的完整代码示例。
示例的第一部分将“体积重量”属性添加为运费的过滤器，可在此处获得。
需要原始 Magento 2 Shipping Suite Ultimate 模块。

让我们直接讨论如何实现目标。

添加自定义产品属性的分步指南
- 步骤 1. 通过添加基础文件创建新模块
- 步骤 2. 创建模块结构
- 步骤 3. 用户界面
  - 形式
  - 网格

添加自定义产品属性的分步指南

步骤 1. 通过添加基础文件创建新模块

从命名模块开始：

 > app/code/MageWorx/ShippingRateByProductAttribute/registration.php <?php /** * Copyright MageWorx. All rights reserved. * See LICENSE.txt for license details. */ \Magento\Framework\Component\ComponentRegistrar::register( \Magento\Framework\Component\ComponentRegistrar::MODULE, 'MageWorx_ShippingRateByProductAttribute', __DIR__ );

然后，检测并声明其需求。您还需要为我们的作曲家模块命名，设置版本，并添加简短描述：

 > app/code/MageWorx/ShippingRateByProductAttribute/composer.json { "name": "mageworx/module-shipping-rate-by-product-attribute", "description": "Shipping Rules Extension: Adds product attribute to the Rates", "require": { "magento/module-shipping": ">=100.1.0 < 101", "magento/module-ui": ">=100.1.0 < 102", "mageworx/module-shippingrules": ">=2.7.1" }, "type": "magento2-module", "version": "1.0.0", "license": [ "OSL-3.0", "AFL-3.0" ], "autoload": { "files": [ "registration.php" ], "psr-4": { "MageWorx\\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\\": "" } } }

此外，我们可以在 Magento 2 配置中设置初始名称和版本，声明顺序：

 > app/code/MageWorx/ShippingRateByProductAttribute/etc/module.xml <?xml version="1.0"?> <!-- /** * Copyright MageWorx. All rights reserved. * See LICENSE.txt for license details. */ --> <config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:Module/etc/module.xsd"> <module name="MageWorx_ShippingRateByProductAttribute" setup_version="1.0.0"> <sequence> <module name="MageWorx_ShippingRules" /> </sequence> </module> </config>

步骤 2. 创建模块结构

假设我们有一个名为“shippingnew”的产品属性，它是从管理员端创建的。它是一种下拉输入类型，几乎没有名为“A、B、C、D”等的选项。这些选项描述了我们如何按区域运送物品。每个值都有自己的价格，价格最高的产品将在结帐时修改运输方式成本。

首先，我们需要为我们的运费扩展条件创建一个单独的表。稍后，我们将使用模型的常规扩展属性添加它们（'Shipping Rate' 模型扩展了`\Magento\Framework\Model\AbstractExtensibleModel`）。

 > app/code/MageWorx/ShippingRateByProductAttribute/Setup/InstallSchema.php <?php /** * Copyright MageWorx. All rights reserved. * See LICENSE.txt for license details. */ namespace MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Setup; use Magento\Framework\DB\Ddl\Table; use Magento\Framework\Setup\InstallSchemaInterface; use Magento\Framework\Setup\ModuleContextInterface; use Magento\Framework\Setup\SchemaSetupInterface; /** * Class InstallSchema */ class InstallSchema implements InstallSchemaInterface { /** * Installs DB schema for a module * * @param SchemaSetupInterface $setup * @param ModuleContextInterface $context * @return void * @throws \Zend_Db_Exception */ public function install(SchemaSetupInterface $setup, ModuleContextInterface $context) { $installer = $setup; $installer->startSetup(); $ratesTable = $installer->getTable(\MageWorx\ShippingRules\Model\Carrier::RATE_TABLE_NAME); /** * Create table 'mageworx_shippingrules_rates_shippingnew' */ $table = $installer->getConnection()->newTable( $installer->getTable('mageworx_shippingrules_rates_shippingnew') )->addColumn( 'rate_id', Table::TYPE_INTEGER, null, ['unsigned' => true, 'nullable' => false], 'Rate Id' )->addColumn( 'shippingnew', Table::TYPE_TEXT, '120', ['nullable' => false], 'shippingnew attribute value' )->addForeignKey( $installer->getFkName('mageworx_shippingrules_rates_shippingnew', 'rate_id', $ratesTable, 'rate_id'), 'rate_id', $ratesTable, 'rate_id', Table::ACTION_CASCADE )->addIndex( $installer->getIdxName( 'mageworx_shippingrules_rates_product_attributes', ['rate_id', 'shippingnew'], \Magento\Framework\DB\Adapter\AdapterInterface::INDEX_TYPE_UNIQUE ), ['rate_id', 'shippingnew'], ['type' => \Magento\Framework\DB\Adapter\AdapterInterface::INDEX_TYPE_UNIQUE] )->setComment( 'Product Attributes For Shipping Suite Rates' ); $installer->getConnection()->createTable($table); } }

我们将表命名如下：`'mageworx_shippingrules_rates_shippingnew'`。它只有 2 列。其中一个用作外键。它是 `rate_id` 列，它将与 Magento 2 的 MageWorx Shipping Suite Ultimate 模块中的常规表 `mageworx_shippingrules_rates` 链接。另一列将包含来自 `shippingnew` 属性的值。

在我们让观察者加载/保存/删除我们的自定义数据到表之前，我们必须创建至少两个模型——常规模型和资源模型。

 > app/code/MageWorx/ShippingRateByProductAttribute/Model/ShippingNew.php <?php /** * Copyright MageWorx. All rights reserved. * See LICENSE.txt for license details. */ namespace MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Model; use Magento\Framework\Model\AbstractModel; /** * Class ShippingNew */ class ShippingNew extends AbstractModel { /** * Prefix of model events names * * @var string */ protected $_eventPrefix = 'mageworx_shippingnew'; /** * Parameter name in event * * In observe method you can use $observer->getEvent()->getObject() in this case * * @var string */ protected $_eventObject = 'shippingnew'; /** * Set resource model and Id field name * * @return void */ protected function _construct() { parent::_construct(); $this->_init('MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Model\ResourceModel\ShippingNew'); $this->setIdFieldName('rate_id'); } }

笔记：

` _eventPrefix ` 将用于检测我们的模型事件。
`_eventObject` 将用于在事件对象中存储数据。使用这个名称，我们可以从事件对象中获取我们的模型。
`$this->_init( 'MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Model\ResourceModel\ ShippingNew' );` 将我们的模型与相应的资源模型链接起来。
`$this->setIdFieldName( 'rate_id' );` 描述了表中的哪个字段必须作为键（通常我们称之为 id）

 > app/code/MageWorx/ShippingRateByProductAttribute/Model/ResourceModel/ShippingNew.php <?php /** * Copyright MageWorx. All rights reserved. * See LICENSE.txt for license details. */ namespace MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Model\ResourceModel; use Magento\Framework\Model\ResourceModel\Db\AbstractDb; /** * Class ShippingNew */ class ShippingNew extends AbstractDb { /** * Resource initialization * * @return void */ protected function _construct() { $this->_init('mageworx_shippingrules_rates_shippingnew', 'rate_id'); } /** * @param $rateId * @param int $shippingNew * @return int * @throws \Magento\Framework\Exception\LocalizedException */ public function insertUpdateRecord($rateId, int $shippingNew) { $rowsAffected = $this->getConnection()->insertOnDuplicate( $this->getMainTable(), [ 'rate_id' => $rateId, 'shippingnew' => $shippingNew ] ); return $rowsAffected; } /** * @param $rateId * @return int * @throws \Magento\Framework\Exception\LocalizedException */ public function deleteRecord($rateId) { $rowsAffected = $this->getConnection()->delete( $this->getMainTable(), [ 'rate_id = ?' => $rateId ] ); return $rowsAffected; } }

笔记：

$this->_init( 'mageworx_shippingrules_rates_shippingnew' , 'rate_id' ); 设置主表名和id字段名。
public function insertUpdateRecord($rateId, int $shippingNew) 是方法，它可以帮助我们更新自定义表中的属性值。
公共函数deleteRecord($rateId) 旨在删除列。

稍后，我们将在观察者中使用这些方法。

现在，让我们将新数据作为扩展属性添加到 Shipping Rate 模型：

 > app/code/MageWorx/ShippingRateByProductAttribute/etc/extension_attributes.xml <?xml version="1.0"?> <!-- /** * Copyright MageWorx. All rights reserved. * See LICENSE.txt for license details. */ --> <config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:Api/etc/extension_attributes.xsd"> <!-- Rate Extension --> <extension_attributes for="MageWorx\ShippingRules\Api\Data\RateInterface"> <attribute code="shippingnew" type="int"> <join reference_table="mageworx_shippingrules_rates_shippingnew" reference_field="rate_id" join_on_field="rate_id"> <field>shippingnew</field> </join> </attribute> </extension_attributes> </config>

我们还应该注意自定义条件的常规操作：

 > app/code/MageWorx/ShippingRateByProductAttribute/etc/events.xml <?xml version="1.0"?> <!-- /** * Copyright MageWorx. All rights reserved. * See LICENSE.txt for license details. */ --> <config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:Event/etc/events.xsd"> <!-- Add Extension Attributes to the Rates Collection --> <!-- Save custom attribute value during rate saving --> <event name="mageworx_shippingrules_rate_save_after"> <observer name="mageworx_save_shippingnew_attribute" instance="MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Observer\SaveShippingNewRateAttribute" /> </event> <!-- Add custom attribute value to the rates collection --> <event name="rates_collection_render_filters_before"> <observer name="mageworx_add_shippingnew_attribute" instance="MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Observer\AddShippingNewToRatesCollection" /> </event> <!-- Take care of filtering the rates grid --> <event name="mageworx_suitable_rates_collection_load_before"> <observer name="mageworx_filter_rates_by_shippingnew_attribute" instance="MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Observer\FilterRatesCollectionByShippingNewAttribute" /> </event> <!-- 3 event observers for the Export/Import rates with custom attribute in conditions --> <event name="mageworx_rates_export_collection_join_linked_tables_after"> <observer name="mageworx_join_shipping_new_table_to_export_rates_collection" instance="MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Observer\JoinShippingNewTableToExportRatesCollection" /> </event> <event name="mageworx_filter_rates_data_before_insert"> <observer name="mageworx_remove_shipping_new_before_insert" instance="MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Observer\RemoveShippingNewBeforeInsert" /> </event> <event name="mageworx_shippingrules_import_insert_rates"> <observer name="mageworx_shippingrules_import_insert_update_shipping_new" instance="MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Observer\InsertUpdateShippingNewDuringImport" /> </event> </config>

第一个事件是用于在费率条件下保存/更新/删除自定义属性值。

后两个事件用于将此属性值添加到集合中。

最后三个事件用于导入/导出功能。

让我们更详细地一一分析：

 > app/code/MageWorx/ShippingRateByProductAttribute/Observer/SaveShippingNewRateAttribute.php <?php /** * Copyright MageWorx. All rights reserved. * See LICENSE.txt for license details. */ namespace MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Observer; use Magento\Framework\Event\Observer; use Magento\Framework\Event\ObserverInterface; use Magento\Framework\Exception\LocalizedException; use MageWorx\ShippingRules\Api\Data\RateInterface; /** * Class SaveShippingNewRateAttribute * * Saves custom attribute (`shippingnew`) values after model was saved */ class SaveShippingNewRateAttribute implements ObserverInterface { /** * @var \MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Model\ResourceModel\ShippingNew */ private $resource; /** * @var \Magento\Framework\Message\ManagerInterface */ private $messagesManager; /** * SaveVolumeWeightRateAttribute constructor. * * @param \MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Model\ResourceModel\ShippingNew $resource * @param \Magento\Framework\Message\ManagerInterface $messagesManager */ public function __construct( \MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Model\ResourceModel\ShippingNew $resource, \Magento\Framework\Message\ManagerInterface $messagesManager ) { $this->resource = $resource; $this->messagesManager = $messagesManager; } /** * @param Observer $observer * @return void */ public function execute(Observer $observer) { /** @var RateInterface $model */ $model = $observer->getEvent()->getData('rate'); if (!$model instanceof RateInterface) { return; } $shippingNewValue = $model->getData('shippingnew') !== '' ? $model->getData('shippingnew') : null; if ($shippingNewValue === null) { try { $this->resource->deleteRecord($model->getRateId()); } catch (LocalizedException $deleteException) { $this->messagesManager->addErrorMessage( __('Unable to delete the Shipping Category for the Rate %1', $model->getRateId()) ); } } else { try { $this->resource->insertUpdateRecord($model->getRateId(), $shippingNewValue); } catch (LocalizedException $saveException) { $this->messagesManager->addErrorMessage( __('Unable to save the Shipping Category for the Rate %1', $model->getRateId()) ); } } return; } }

就这么简单。当我们保存速率时，我们也必须注意保存自定义属性值。如果它的值等于`null`，只需删除一条记录。

 > app/code/MageWorx/ShippingRateByProductAttribute/Observer/AddShippingNewToRatesCollection.php <?php /** * Copyright MageWorx. All rights reserved. * See LICENSE.txt for license details. */ namespace MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Observer; use Magento\Framework\Event\Observer; use Magento\Framework\Event\ObserverInterface; /** * Class AddShippingNewToRatesCollection * * Adds custom attribute to the rates collection. * It will be used later during quote validation. */ class AddShippingNewToRatesCollection implements ObserverInterface { /** * Join custom table to the rates collection to obtain the `shippingnew` attribute anywhere in the code. * * @param Observer $observer * @return void */ public function execute(Observer $observer) { /** @var \MageWorx\ShippingRules\Model\ResourceModel\Rate\Collection $collection */ $collection = $observer->getEvent()->getData('collection'); if (!$collection instanceof \MageWorx\ShippingRules\Model\ResourceModel\Rate\Collection) { return; } if ($collection->isLoaded()) { return; } $joinTable = $collection->getTable('mageworx_shippingrules_rates_shippingnew'); $collection->getSelect() ->joinLeft( $joinTable, '`main_table`.`rate_id` = `' . $joinTable . '`.`rate_id`', ['shippingnew'] ); } }

为了使验证可用，当客户进行结帐或运费估算时，让我们将带有自定义属性的表加入到常规费率表中。

 > app/code/MageWorx/ShippingRateByProductAttribute/Observer/FilterRatesCollectionByShippingNewAttribute.php <?php /** * Copyright MageWorx. All rights reserved. * See LICENSE.txt for license details. */ namespace MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Observer; use Magento\Framework\Event\Observer; use Magento\Framework\Event\ObserverInterface; /** * Class FilterRatesCollectionByShippingNewAttribute * * Filter rates collection before we load it by custom attribute: shippingnew. * * For more details * * @see \MageWorx\ShippingRules\Model\Carrier\Artificial::getSuitableRatesAccordingRequest() * */ class FilterRatesCollectionByShippingNewAttribute implements ObserverInterface { /** * @param Observer $observer * @return void */ public function execute(Observer $observer) { /** @var \MageWorx\ShippingRules\Model\ResourceModel\Rate\Collection $collection */ $collection = $observer->getEvent()->getData('rates_collection'); if (!$collection instanceof \MageWorx\ShippingRules\Model\ResourceModel\Rate\Collection) { return; } /** @var \Magento\Quote\Model\Quote\Address\RateRequest $request */ $request = $observer->getEvent()->getData('request'); if (!$request instanceof \Magento\Quote\Model\Quote\Address\RateRequest) { return; } /** @var \Magento\Quote\Model\Quote\Item[] $items */ $items = $request->getAllItems() ?? []; $shippingCategories = []; foreach ($items as $item) { $value = $item->getProduct()->getData('shippingnew'); if ($value !== null) { $shippingCategories[] = $value; } } $shippingCategories = array_unique($shippingCategories); $joinTable = $collection->getTable('mageworx_shippingrules_rates_shippingnew'); $collection->getSelect() ->joinLeft( ['sn' => $joinTable], '`main_table`.`rate_id` = `sn`.`rate_id`', ['shippingnew'] ); $collection->getSelect()->where( "`sn`.`shippingnew` IN (?)", $shippingCategories ); } }

这是我们堆栈中最复杂的观察者。它旨在从客户的购物车中收集所有属性值（`$shippingCategories`），并将属性值作为过滤器添加到常规费率集合中（我们的表已经加入）。为简单起见，我将其命名为“过滤器”。工作完成后，客户将看到当前购物车商品的实际运费。

另外 3 个事件观察器旨在在运费导出和导入期间添加和接收自定义数据。我们在博客文章中跳过了它的代码，但它会在源代码的存储库中提供。

MageWorx Magento 2 扩展

步骤 3. 用户界面

是时候将我们的属性添加到网格和运费的形式中了。

形式

> app/code/MageWorx/ShippingRateByProductAttribute/view/adminhtml/ui_component/mageworx_shippingrules_rate_form.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- /** * Copyright MageWorx. All rights reserved. * See LICENSE.txt for license details. */ --> <form xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:module:Magento_Ui:etc/ui_configuration.xsd"> <fieldset name="conditions"> <field name="shippingnew"> <argument name="data" xsi:type="array"> <item name="options" xsi:type="object">MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Model\Config\Source\ShippingCategory</item> <item name="config" xsi:type="array"> <item name="label" xsi:type="string" translate="true">Shipping Category</item> <item name="dataType" xsi:type="string">int</item> <item name="formElement" xsi:type="string">select</item> <item name="dataScope" xsi:type="string">shippingnew</item> <item name="source" xsi:type="string">mageworx_shippingrules_rate_form.custom_attributes</item> </item> </argument> </field> </fieldset> </form>

网格

> app/code/MageWorx/ShippingRateByProductAttribute/view/adminhtml/ui_component/mageworx_shippingrules_rates_regular_listing.xml <?xml version="1.0"?> <!-- Copyright MageWorx. All rights reserved. See LICENSE.txt for license details. --> <listing xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:Ui/etc/ui_configuration.xsd"> <columns name="mageworx_shippingrules_rates_columns"> <column name="shippingnew"> <argument name="data" xsi:type="array"> <item name="options" xsi:type="object">MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Model\Config\Source\ShippingCategory</item> <item name="config" xsi:type="array"> <item name="filter" xsi:type="string">select</item> <item name="component" xsi:type="string">Magento_Ui/js/grid/columns/select</item> <item name="dataType" xsi:type="string">select</item> <item name="label" xsi:type="string" translate="true">Shipping Category</item> <item name="visible" xsi:type="boolean">true</item> <item name="sortOrder" xsi:type="number">40</item> <item name="editor" xsi:type="string">select</item> </item> </argument> </column> </columns> </listing>

如您所见，我们在这些文件中使用自定义源模型。让我们创建它。它将加载相应的属性（`shippingnew`）并为我们提供所有可用的值。

 > app/code/MageWorx/ShippingRateByProductAttribute/Model/Config/Source/ShippingCategory.php <?php /** * Copyright MageWorx. All rights reserved. * See LICENSE.txt for license details. */ namespace MageWorx\ShippingRateByProductAttribute\Model\Config\Source; use Magento\Framework\Exception\LocalizedException; /** * Class ShippingCategory * * Obtain options for specified product attribute */ class ShippingCategory extends \Magento\Eav\Model\Entity\Attribute\Source\AbstractSource { /** * @var \Magento\Catalog\Api\ProductAttributeRepositoryInterface */ protected $productAttributeRepository; /** * @var \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface */ protected $logger; /** * ShippingCategory constructor. * * @param \Magento\Catalog\Api\ProductAttributeRepositoryInterface $productAttributeRepository * @param \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface $logger */ public function __construct( \Magento\Catalog\Api\ProductAttributeRepositoryInterface $productAttributeRepository, \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface $logger ) { $this->productAttributeRepository = $productAttributeRepository; $this->logger = $logger; } /** * @inheritDoc */ public function getAllOptions() { if (empty($this->_options)) { try { /** @var \Magento\Catalog\Api\Data\ProductAttributeInterface $attribute */ $attribute = $this->productAttributeRepository->get('shippingnew'); $this->_options = $attribute->usesSource() ? $attribute->getSource()->getAllOptions() : []; } catch (LocalizedException $localizedException) { $this->logger->critical($localizedException->getLogMessage()); } } return $this->_options; } }

这段代码非常简单。我们使用属性存储库来加载我们的属性，然后从中获取所有选项（值）。请记住，必须在管理面板中创建带有 `shippingnew` 代码的属性，并且必须具有带有预定义选项（值）的下拉输入类型。您可以从菜单“商店 > 属性 > 产品”中执行此操作。不要忘记将此属性添加到您用于产品的属性集中。

一切完成后，我们只需要启用模块并运行`setup:upgrade`。缓存会自动清除。

转到费率网格（“商店 > 运费”），您将看到新列：